Answer : 4. "All the above"
Explanation :

Answer: D) All the above Explanation: The study of statistics such as births, deaths, income, or the incidence of disease, which illustrate the changing structure of human populations.   In brief, Study of both quantitative and qualitative aspects of human population. 1. Quantitative aspects include composition, density, distribution, growth, movement, size, and structure of the population. 2. Qualitative aspects are the sociological factors such as education quality, crime, diet, development, nutrition, wealth and well being.