उत्तर : 1. "आय जो किसी उत्पादन प्रक्रिया द्वारा उत्पन्न नहीं होती है"
व्याख्या :

Income which is not produced by any production process  is called transfer income. It is generally money received by  an individual or family from the state or other body, often the  pension or unemployment benefit.